Electronic Commerce (E Commerce)
E Commerce means buying and selling goods and services through the internet. It
includes online buying selling payment and getting information.
Definition of E Commerce
E Commerce is a system in which products services and money transactions are
done with the help of the internet.
Or
E Commerce is a system in which buying and selling of goods and services is done through the internet.
Advantages of E Commerce
1 Saves time
2 24 by 7 service available
3 Cheaper and more options
4 Access to global market
5 Shopping from home
Disadvantages of E Commerce
1 Risk of fraud and hacking
2 Internet is required
3 Product cannot be seen before buying
4 Technical knowledge is required
Types of E Commerce
1. B2B Business to Business
2. B2C Business to Consumer
3. C2B Consumer to Business
4. C2C Consumer to Consumer
5. B2A Business to Administration
6. C2A Consumer to Administration
1 B2B Business to Business:- One business sells goods to another business.
Example Manufacturer to Wholesaler to Retailer
Such as IndiaMart Alibaba
2 B2C Business to Consumer:- A company sells goods directly to customers.
Example Amazon Flipkart
3 C2B Consumer to Business:- A consumer sells services or products to a
company.
Example Freelancers selling design or content
4 C2C Consumer to Consumer:- One consumer sells goods to another consumer.
Example OLX Quikr
5 B2A Business to Administration:- Businesses provide services or products to the
government.
Example Government websites E Tendering
6 C2A Consumer to Administration:-
Consumers get government related services online.
Example Paying tax bill payment government forms
Electronic Payment System
Electronic Payment System:-
E Payment is a system in which money transactions are done through the internet
or digital means. Cash money is not required.
1. Debit Card
2. Credit Card
3. UPI
4. Google Pay
5. Paytm
6. E-Wallet
7. Net Banking
8. QR Code (Quick Response Code)
A. E Payment
1.
Debit Card
Money is directly deducted from your bank account.
Example: Paying for books online using an ATM card.
2.
Credit Card
Payment is made on borrowed money and paid later.
Example: Buying a laptop online and paying the bill next month.
3.
UPI (Unified Payments Interface)
Instant bank to bank transfer using mobile apps.
Example: Scanning a QR code to pay a shopkeeper.
4.
Google Pay
A UPI based app for sending and receiving money.
Example: Paying electricity or mobile bills.
5.
Paytm
Digital wallet and UPI based payment app.
Example: Mobile recharge or ticket booking.
6.
E-Wallet
A digital wallet where money is stored electronically.
Example: Using Paytm Wallet or PhonePe Wallet to pay online.
7.
Net Banking
Online banking service through bank website or app.
Example: Transferring money to a school or office account.
8. QR Code (Quick Response Code) is a digital code used to make fast and cashless payments. In e-payment, the customer scans the QR code using a mobile payment app and the payment is transferred instantly from the bank account or e-wallet to the seller’s account. It is secure, easy to use, and does not require cash or card.
Advantages of E-Payment
1. Fast and easy transactions
2. Can be used anytime and anywhere
3. Saves time and effort
4. No need to carry cash
5. Secure with PIN, OTP, and biometric security
6. Record of transactions is automatically saved
Disadvantages of E-Payment
1. Requires internet and smartphone/computer
2. Risk of fraud, hacking, or cyber crime
3. Technical problems may cause payment failure
4. Not suitable for people with low digital knowledge
5. Dependence on electricity and network connectivity
B Cash on
Delivery (COD):- Payment is
made in cash or digitally after receiving the product.
Example: Paying the delivery person when the product arrives.
E Governance
E Governance means providing government services to people through digital
means so that work becomes fast transparent and easy.
Objectives of E Governance
1. Benefits
of E-Governance
2. Bring
Transparency in Government Work
3. Connect
Citizens with Government Services
4. Save
Time and Money
5. Reduce
Corruption
6. Promote Digital India
Features of E-Governance
1. Government
Services Available Online
2. Less
Paperwork
3. Timely
Information to Citizens
4. Transparency
and Accountability
5. Fast and Simple Services
Examples of E-Governance
- Online tax payment
- Aadhaar services
- Electricity and water bill
payment
- Train and flight ticket booking
- Caste, residence, and income
certificates
- Information about government
schemes
Advantages of E Governance
1. Advantages of E-Governance
2. Saves Time
3. Faster Government Work
4. Reduction in Corruption
5. Convenience for Common Citizens
6. Increase in Digital Awareness
E Governance is mainly divided into four parts
1. G2G
Government to Government:- Communication between one government department
and another.
Example Finance Ministry giving information to other ministries
2. G2C
Government to Citizen:- Government provides services to citizens.
Example
Online railway and air tickets
Electricity and water bill
Information about government schemes
3. G2B
Government to Business:- Government provides online services to businesses.
Example
Business registration
Applying for license
Tax related services
4. G2E
Government to Employees:- Communication between government and government
employees.
Example
Applying for leave
Pension related information
E Mitra services
Advantages of E-Governance
1. Saves time
2. Faster government work
3. Reduction in corruption
4. Convenience for common citizens
5. Increased transparency
6. Better service delivery
7. Increase in digital awareness
Facilities Available under
E-Governance
1. Online certificate verification
2. PAN card services
3. Ration card services
4. Bus and train ticket booking
5. MNREGA application
6. Online complaint registration
7. Digital Locker
8. Aadhaar card services
9. Voter ID services
10. Filing Income Tax Return
11. Court services
12. Information about government schemes
13. Services through mobile apps
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